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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 36(1): 180-188, Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893208

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Vitrification is a physical process in which the concentrated cryoprotectant solution after exposure to extreme cold without ice crystal formation in living cells to be converted glassing state. In this study, maturation rate and ultrastructure of mouse oocytes followed by vitrification before or after in-virto maturation (IVM) were evaluated. A total of 373 germinal vesicle oocytes were obtained from ovaries and divided into three fresh IVM, IVM vitrified, vitrified IVM groups. Ten metaphase II oocytes were obtained from uterine tubes and considered as the control group. Oocytes in vitrified groups were vitrified by Cryotop using vitrification medium and kept in liquid nitrogen. The maturation media was a-MEM supplemented with rFSH + hCG. After 24-48 h of incubation, the oocytes were investigated for nuclear maturation and ultrastructural changes using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The oocyte maturation rate in vIVM group was significantly lower than IVMv group, when the two groups were compared with vIVM had the highest maturity. The evaluation ultrastructure of the four groups showed that the number of cortical granules, microvilli and mitochondria-SER aggregates in vIVM group were lowest and the highest amongst the number of vacuoles. Zona pellucida was darker than the control group in two freeze groups vIVM and IVMv. Most similar groups to the control group were group vIVM, Group IVMv and ultimately vIVM group, respectively. According to the results, IVM procedure is more efficient when it is performed before oocyte vitrification.


RESUMEN: La vitrificación es un proceso físico en el que la solución concentrada de crioprotectores, después de la exposición al frío extremo sin formación de cristales de hielo en las células vivas, se convierte en estado de cristal. En este estudio, se evaluaron la velocidad de maduración y la ultraestructura de los ovocitos de ratón seguidos por la vitrificación antes o después de la maduración in vitro (IVM). Se obtuvieron un total de 373 ovocitos, de vesículas germinales de ovarios, y se dividieron en tres grupos de IVM vitrificados, IVM e IVM frescos. Diez ovocitos metafase II se obtuvieron a partir de tubas uterinas y se consideraron como el grupo de control. Los ovocitos en grupos vitrificados fueron vitrificados por Cryotop usando medio de vitrificación y mantenidos en nitrógeno líquido. El medio de maduración fue a-MEM suplementado con rFSH + hCG. Después de 24-48 h de incubación, fueron observados en los ovocitos la maduración nuclear y cambios ultraestructurales utilizando microscopía electrónica de transmisión (MET). La tasa de maduración de los ovocitos en el grupo vIVM fue significativamente más baja que en el grupo IVM v, cuando los dos grupos se compararon con los que tenían la mayor madurez. La evaluación de la ultraestructura de los cuatro grupos mostró que el número de gránulos corticales, microvellosidades y acúmulos de mitocondrias-SER en el grupo vIVM fue el más bajo y el más alto entre el número de vacuolas. La zona pelúcida fue más oscura en dos grupos de congelación vIVM e IVMv, que en el grupo control. La mayoría de los grupos, similares al grupo de control, fueron los grupos vIVM, IVMv y,finalmente, el grupo vIVM, respectivamente. De acuerdo con los resultados, el procedimiento de IVM es más eficiente cuando se realiza antes de la vitrificación de ovocitos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Cryopreservation , Oocytes/ultrastructure , Vitrification , Fertilization in Vitro , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
2.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-180466

ABSTRACT

A common pathology in Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is brain edema that develops within hours of impact. It causes increased intracranial pressure (ICP), and nerve damage. It was shown that Walnut kernel (WK) has a large amount of phenolic compounds with beneficial effects on human health due to antioxidant and anti- inflammatory properties. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of WK feeding on brain edema, neurological score and neuronal degeneration in male rat after traumatic brain injury. The diffuse TBI was induced in adult male rats using Marmarou’s method. Sixty days prior to the injury, WK was added to ordinary food (6% percent of daily food). Experimental groups are included sham (no TBI and no WK), control (TBI and no WK) and treatment (TBI and WK). Brain edema and neuronal injury were measured 72 h after TBI. Veterinary Coma Scale (VCS) and ICP were assessed at -1, 4, 24, 48 and 72 h after TBI. Brain water content and ICP in treatment group decreased as compared to the control. Besides, VCS at 24, 48 and 72 h after TBI showed a significant increase in treatment group in comparison with control. Based on our data, WK pre-treatment may reduce pathological parameters after TBI in male rats.

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